essay on india's achievements

India’s achievements after 75 years of Independence

India's achievements after 75 years of Independence: Article talks about the progress India has made in the last 75 years in the field of economic growth, scientific innovations and in other fields.

Table of Contents

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, it provides a moment to reflect on the nation’s progress and its evolving landscape. This article highlights significant achievements, historical milestones, and ongoing challenges in various sectors, offering a comprehensive overview for UPSC examination preparation.

India’s journey since gaining independence on August 15, 1947, has been marked by significant milestones and achievements across various domains. Here’s a brief overview of the nation’s progress and accomplishments after 75 years of independence:

75 Years of Independence: The Evolving Landscape of India

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, the nation reflects on its remarkable journey from a post-colonial state to a global powerhouse. This article explores the key milestones and achievements across various sectors, highlighting how India has evolved over the decades.

1. Economic Growth and Development

Early Economic Strategies:

• 1951: The First Five-Year Plan was introduced, focusing on agricultural growth and addressing the immediate post-independence challenges.
• 1991: The economic liberalization era began with significant reforms including privatization and globalization, which transformed India into one of the world’s fastest-growing economies.

Recent Developments:

• GDP: As of 2024, India is the fifth-largest economy globally, with a GDP of approximately ₹180 lakh crore (8.5% of global GDP). This reflects robust economic growth and a significant position in the global economic landscape.
• Startup Ecosystem: India is home to one of the largest startup ecosystems, with approximately 85,000 startups as of mid-2024, demonstrating a thriving entrepreneurial environment.

2. Scientific and Technological Advancements

Milestones in Space Exploration:

• 1963: The launch of India’s first sounding rocket marked the beginning of the Indian Space Program, setting the stage for future advancements.
• 2023: The Chandrayaan-3 mission successfully landed on the Moon’s south pole, a historic achievement in space exploration.

Technological Innovations:

• UPI: The Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has become a significant player in digital transactions, with 11.55 billion transactions worth ₹11.7 trillion in Q1 2024.

3. Infrastructure Development

Historical Growth:

• 1951-2023: India’s road network has expanded from 0.399 million km to 5.2 million km, making it one of the largest in the world. The national highway network grew from 24,000 km in 1969 to 1,70,000 km by 2023.
• Power Generation: The capacity increased from 1,362 MW in 1947 to 4,25,000 MW in 2024, supporting widespread industrial and residential needs.

Recent Updates:

• Rural Electrification: As of early 2024, all 19,227 villages have been electrified, ensuring access to electricity across the nation.

4. Human Development

Education and Health:

• Literacy Rate: Improved from 12% in 1947 to 75% in 2024, reflecting significant strides in educational development.
• Life Expectancy: Increased from 32 years in 1947 to 71 years in 2024, highlighting improvements in healthcare and quality of life.

Healthcare Challenges:

• Doctor-to-Patient Ratio: India has a ratio of 0.8 doctors per 1,000 people compared to the WHO’s average of 2.5, indicating areas for improvement in healthcare access.

5. Social and Political Milestones

Key Events and Achievements:

• 1950: The Indian Constitution came into effect, establishing India as a Republic and laying the groundwork for democratic governance.
• 1966: Indira Gandhi became India’s first female Prime Minister, marking a significant political milestone.
• 2022: Draupadi Murmu was elected as the fifteenth President of India, becoming the first tribal leader to hold the office.

Significant Policies and Reforms:

• 2010: The Right to Education Act (RTE) was enacted, making education a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14.
• 2017: The Goods and Services Tax (GST) was introduced, simplifying the tax system and integrating the economy.

6. Cultural and Sporting Achievements

Historical Moments:

• 1983: India won its first Cricket World Cup, a landmark achievement in the country’s sporting history.
• 2024: India continued to celebrate its cultural diversity and heritage, contributing to global cultural exchanges and understanding.

As India celebrates 75 years of independence, it stands as a testament to the resilience, innovation, and progress of its people. From significant economic and technological achievements to strides in human development and infrastructure, India has made remarkable progress. Looking ahead, India aims to build on these successes, addressing ongoing challenges and paving the way for a brighter future for its citizens.

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India's achievements after 75 years of Independence FAQs

What did india achieved after 75 years of independence.

In 1974, India conducted “Smiling Buddha”, its first nuclear test, making its place on the list of five nuclear-powered nations. This is one of the biggest achievements of India since 1947. Today, India has the 2nd largest military force and largest voluntary army in the world.

What we achieved in 75 years?

In the last seven-and-a-half decades, India achieved remarkable development in agriculture, heavy industry, irrigation, energy production, nuclear power capability, space technology, biotechnology, telecommunication, oceanography and science education and research.

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Essay on Development of India – 100, 200, 500, 1000 Words

Essay on Development of India: India has undergone significant development in various sectors over the years, transforming itself into a global economic powerhouse. From advancements in technology and infrastructure to improvements in healthcare and education, the country has made remarkable progress in all spheres. In this essay, we will explore the key factors that have contributed to India’s development, the challenges it has faced along the way, and the potential opportunities for further growth and advancement in the future.

Table of Contents

Development of India Essay Writing Tips

1. Introduction: Start your essay by providing a brief overview of India’s development journey. Mention key milestones and achievements in various sectors such as economy, education, healthcare, infrastructure, etc.

2. Historical context: Provide a historical background on India’s development, mentioning key events and policies that have shaped the country’s growth trajectory. Discuss the impact of colonization, independence movement, and post-independence economic reforms on India’s development.

3. Economic development: Discuss India’s economic growth over the years, highlighting key sectors that have contributed to the country’s development. Mention the role of policies such as liberalization, privatization, and globalization in driving economic growth.

4. Social development: Discuss the progress made in areas such as education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation. Highlight initiatives and programs that have been implemented to improve the quality of life for the citizens of India.

5. Infrastructure development: Discuss the improvements made in infrastructure such as roads, railways, airports, and telecommunications. Mention key projects that have been undertaken to enhance connectivity and facilitate economic growth.

6. Technological development: Discuss the role of technology in India’s development, mentioning key advancements in sectors such as IT, telecommunications, and space exploration. Highlight the contribution of Indian scientists and researchers in driving technological innovation.

7. Challenges and opportunities: Discuss the challenges that India faces in its development journey, such as poverty, inequality, corruption, and environmental degradation. Mention opportunities for further growth and development, such as demographic dividend, growing consumer market, and increasing global competitiveness.

8. Conclusion: Summarize the key points discussed in the essay and emphasize the importance of continued efforts towards the development of India. Mention the role of individuals, government, and private sector in driving sustainable development in the country.

9. Writing tips: – Use a clear and concise writing style to convey your ideas effectively. – Provide evidence and examples to support your arguments. – Structure your essay in a logical manner, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. – Use relevant data and statistics to illustrate the progress made in India’s development. – Proofread your essay to ensure it is free of grammatical and spelling errors.

Essay on Development of India in 10 Lines – Examples

1. India has experienced significant economic growth and development over the past few decades, becoming one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world.

2. The country has made strides in reducing poverty levels, with the poverty rate declining from 45% in 1994 to 21% in 2011.

3. India has also made progress in improving access to education, with the literacy rate increasing from 52% in 1991 to 74% in 2011.

4. The government has implemented various social welfare programs, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, to provide employment opportunities and improve living standards for rural populations.

5. India has seen advancements in infrastructure development, with improvements in transportation, communication, and energy sectors.

6. The country has also made significant strides in the healthcare sector, with improvements in healthcare facilities, access to healthcare services, and overall health outcomes.

7. India has emerged as a global leader in information technology and software development, with the establishment of numerous tech companies and a skilled workforce.

8. The government has implemented various economic reforms to promote investment, entrepreneurship, and innovation, leading to a more dynamic and competitive economy.

9. India has also made progress in environmental conservation and sustainability, with initiatives to address climate change, promote renewable energy, and protect natural resources.

10. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, such as income inequality, regional disparities, and environmental degradation, which require continued efforts and policies to ensure sustainable and inclusive development for all.

Sample Essay on Development of India in 100-180 Words

India has made significant progress in terms of development over the years. The country has witnessed rapid economic growth, technological advancements, and improvements in various sectors such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. The government has implemented various policies and initiatives to promote inclusive growth and development across the country.

The introduction of economic reforms in the early 1990s has played a crucial role in boosting India’s economy and attracting foreign investments. The country has also made strides in the fields of science and technology, with advancements in space exploration, information technology, and biotechnology.

Despite these achievements, India still faces challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and inadequate infrastructure in rural areas. However, with continued efforts and initiatives, India is on the path to becoming a developed nation in the near future.

Short Essay on Development of India in 200-500 Words

India, a country known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse population, has made significant strides in its development over the years. From being a predominantly agrarian economy to becoming one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, India has come a long way in terms of development.

One of the key factors contributing to India’s development is its focus on education. The government has made significant investments in the education sector, leading to a higher literacy rate and a more skilled workforce. This has not only helped in reducing poverty but has also contributed to the overall growth of the economy.

Another important aspect of India’s development is its focus on infrastructure. The government has invested heavily in building roads, bridges, airports, and other essential infrastructure, which has helped in improving connectivity and facilitating trade and commerce. This has not only boosted economic growth but has also improved the quality of life for millions of people.

India’s rapid industrialization and technological advancements have also played a crucial role in its development. The country has emerged as a hub for IT and software services, attracting investments from multinational companies and creating job opportunities for millions of people. This has not only helped in reducing unemployment but has also contributed to the overall growth of the economy.

India’s focus on sustainable development is another key factor contributing to its progress. The government has taken several initiatives to promote renewable energy, reduce carbon emissions, and protect the environment. This has not only helped in addressing climate change but has also created new opportunities for green industries and businesses.

Despite these achievements, India still faces several challenges in its development journey. Income inequality, poverty, and lack of access to basic services are some of the issues that need to be addressed. The government needs to focus on inclusive growth, ensuring that the benefits of development reach all sections of society.

In conclusion, India’s development journey has been remarkable, with significant progress made in various sectors. However, there is still a long way to go, and the government needs to continue its efforts to address the challenges and build a more prosperous and inclusive society. With the right policies and investments, India has the potential to become a global economic powerhouse and a model for sustainable development.

Essay on Development of India in 1000-1500 Words

India, with its rich history and diverse culture, has seen significant development over the centuries. From ancient civilizations to modern-day advancements, the country has undergone various transformations that have shaped its present-day status as a rapidly developing nation. In this essay, we will explore the development of India from 1000 to 1500 AD, focusing on key events, advancements, and challenges faced during this period.

The period from 1000 to 1500 AD in India was marked by significant political, social, and economic changes. This era saw the rise and fall of several powerful dynasties, the spread of new religions, and the flourishing of art, architecture, and literature. It was a time of great cultural exchange and innovation, as India interacted with various foreign powers and civilizations.

One of the most significant developments during this period was the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate in the early 13th century. The Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim kingdom that ruled over large parts of northern India for several centuries. Under the rule of the Delhi Sultans, India saw the introduction of Islamic culture and traditions, as well as the construction of magnificent mosques, palaces, and forts. The Delhi Sultanate also played a crucial role in shaping the political landscape of India, as it established a centralized system of governance and administration.

Another important development during this period was the spread of Buddhism and Hinduism in India. Buddhism, which had originated in India in the 6th century BC, had spread to various parts of Asia by the 1st millennium AD. During the period from 1000 to 1500 AD, Buddhism continued to flourish in India, with the construction of numerous monasteries, stupas, and sculptures. Hinduism, which had been the dominant religion in India for centuries, also saw significant growth and development during this period, with the construction of elaborate temples, the establishment of new religious sects, and the composition of sacred texts and scriptures.

The period from 1000 to 1500 AD also witnessed the flourishing of Indian art, architecture, and literature. The Chola dynasty, which ruled over southern India during this period, was known for its patronage of the arts and its construction of magnificent temples and sculptures. The Chola period is considered a golden age of Tamil literature, with the composition of numerous works of poetry, drama, and philosophy. The Vijayanagara Empire, which emerged in the 14th century, was also known for its architectural marvels, such as the Hampi ruins and the Virupaksha Temple.

In addition to these cultural developments, the period from 1000 to 1500 AD also saw significant advancements in science, technology, and trade. India was a center of learning and innovation during this period, with scholars and scientists making important contributions to fields such as mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. The Kerala School of Mathematics, for example, made significant advances in the study of calculus and trigonometry. Indian merchants also played a crucial role in the global economy, as they traded with countries in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Europe, exchanging goods such as spices, textiles, and precious stones.

Despite these advancements, the period from 1000 to 1500 AD was also marked by various challenges and conflicts. India was frequently invaded by foreign powers, such as the Mongols, Turks, and Persians, who sought to establish their dominance over the region. The Delhi Sultanate faced numerous internal rebellions and external invasions, leading to periods of instability and conflict. The spread of Islam in India also led to tensions between Muslim and Hindu communities, resulting in communal violence and social unrest.

In conclusion, the period from 1000 to 1500 AD was a time of significant development and change in India. The establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, the spread of Buddhism and Hinduism, the flourishing of art, architecture, and literature, and the advancements in science, technology, and trade all contributed to the growth and prosperity of the country. Despite facing various challenges and conflicts, India emerged as a vibrant and dynamic civilization during this period, setting the stage for further developments in the centuries to come.

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Essay on India’s Achievements in Space

Students are often asked to write an essay on India’s Achievements in Space in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on India’s Achievements in Space

Introduction.

India has made great strides in space exploration. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) leads these efforts, launching numerous satellites and missions.

Chandrayaan Missions

ISRO launched Chandrayaan-1 in 2008, marking India’s first lunar probe. Chandrayaan-2, launched in 2019, aimed to land on the moon, showcasing India’s ambitions.

Mars Orbiter Mission

The Mars Orbiter Mission, or Mangalyaan, launched in 2013, made India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit and the first globally to do so in its maiden attempt.

Satellite Launches

India has launched over 100 satellites, serving various purposes like communication, weather monitoring, and navigation.

Future Plans

ISRO plans to launch Gaganyaan, its first manned mission, and continue exploring the moon, Mars, Venus, and the Sun.

250 Words Essay on India’s Achievements in Space

India’s journey into space began with the establishment of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 1969. Under the visionary leadership of Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the nation embarked on an ambitious journey to explore the cosmos.

Launching Satellites

India’s first significant achievement in space was the launch of Aryabhata, its first satellite, in 1975. This was followed by the launch of Bhaskara, Rohini, and INSAT series, affirming India’s growing capabilities in satellite technology. The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also known as Mangalyaan, marked a landmark achievement, making India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit and the first globally to do so in its maiden attempt.

Indigenous Developments

India’s space program stands out for its emphasis on indigenous technology. The development of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) are noteworthy achievements. The successful testing of the GSLV Mark III, capable of carrying heavier payloads, further underscores India’s self-reliance in space technology.

India’s lunar missions, Chandrayaan-1 and Chandrayaan-2, have significantly contributed to lunar science. Chandrayaan-1 discovered traces of water on the moon, a groundbreaking discovery that has reshaped our understanding of Earth’s satellite.

India’s accomplishments in space are a testament to the nation’s scientific prowess and determination. The upcoming Gaganyaan mission, aiming to send humans into space, signifies the next leap forward. Despite budget constraints, India’s space program has achieved remarkable feats, inspiring a new generation of scientists and positioning the country as a global space power.

500 Words Essay on India’s Achievements in Space

India’s journey into space exploration began with small steps in the late 1960s and has since evolved into a fully-fledged space program that is recognized globally. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has been the pioneer and driving force behind this success.

Early Achievements

India’s first satellite, Aryabhata, was launched by the Soviet Union in 1975. However, the real breakthrough came in 1980 when ISRO successfully launched Rohini, its first indigenously developed satellite, into orbit using the Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV). This was a significant achievement, marking India’s entry into the select group of nations capable of launching their own satellites.

Progress in Satellite Technology

Over the years, India has developed a range of satellites serving different purposes. The Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system, launched in the 1980s, revolutionized communications, meteorology, and broadcasting in India. The Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites have been instrumental in managing natural resources and monitoring environmental factors.

ISRO’s Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008 was a major milestone. The mission discovered water molecules on the moon, contributing significantly to lunar science. This was followed by the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), or Mangalyaan, in 2013, making India the first Asian country to reach Mars orbit and the only one to do so on its first attempt.

Development of Launch Vehicles

Parallel to satellite development, ISRO has also made significant strides in launch vehicle technology. The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) has been ISRO’s workhorse, with a remarkable track record of successful launches. The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) and its variants have enabled India to launch heavier satellites into geostationary orbits.

The successful testing of the GSLV Mark III, India’s heaviest rocket, and the development of reusable launch vehicle technology demonstrate ISRO’s commitment to innovation and cost-effectiveness.

Human Spaceflight and Future Endeavors

India’s ambitions are not limited to unmanned missions. The Gaganyaan mission, scheduled for 2022, aims to send Indian astronauts into space, further cementing India’s place in space exploration.

ISRO also has plans for missions to study the sun (Aditya-L1), Venus (Shukrayaan-1), and a second mission to Mars (Mangalyaan-2). The proposed Chandrayaan-3 mission aims to land an Indian rover on the moon.

India’s achievements in space have been remarkable, especially considering the resource constraints. These achievements have not only advanced scientific understanding but also have practical applications for everyday life, from weather forecasting to communication and disaster management. As India continues its journey into the cosmos, one can expect further groundbreaking discoveries and advancements in technology. This journey is a testament to India’s spirit of exploration and its capacity for technological innovation.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on India in Space
• Essay on Space Shuttle
• Essay on Space

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

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Tqsm sir…. From this essay I knew very much about the achievements of india in the field of space…….🙏🏻🙏🏻

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Development of India After Independence Essay

Table of Contents

Development of India After Independence Essay: India’s journey after gaining independence in 1947 has been nothing short of remarkable. The nation has made significant strides in various sectors, propelling itself towards economic growth, technological advancement, and social development. India’s development journey after independence has been a saga of growth, progress, and change. The nation, once struggling with poverty and colonial legacy, embarked on a path of economic and social transformation. Over the decades, India has achieved remarkable milestones, including technological advancements, improved healthcare, and increased literacy rates. While challenges persist, India’s journey reflects its resilience, diversity, and determination to build a prosperous and inclusive future. In this article, we’ll provide sample essays of varying lengths to illustrate its progress.

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Whether you need a 100-word overview or a more detailed 500-word essay on the topic “Development of India After Independence”, we’ve got your back. Refer to the sample essays given below.

Development of India After Independence Essay 1: 100 Words

India gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, and since then, there has been a noteworthy development in various sectors. The country witnessed massive advancements in science and technology, education, infrastructure, and healthcare. The establishment of prestigious institutes like the Indian Institutes of Technology and the Indian Space Research Organisation propelled India into becoming a global hub for technological innovation. Additionally, initiatives such as the Green Revolution brought about a paradigm shift in agriculture, leading to increased food production. Despite economic and social challenges, India’s progress after independence demonstrates the immense potential and resilience of its people.

Development of India After Independence Essay 2: 250 Words

The development of India after gaining independence in 1947 has been marked by significant achievements and transformative changes. At the time of independence, India faced numerous challenges, including widespread poverty, illiteracy, and inadequate infrastructure. However, the nation embarked on a journey of progress and development that has since witnessed remarkable milestones.

One of the key pillars of India’s development has been economic growth. The country implemented economic reforms in the 1990s, liberalizing various sectors and fostering entrepreneurship. This led to a surge in economic activity, attracting foreign investments, and propelling India into the ranks of the world’s fastest-growing economies.

India’s technological advancement has been another noteworthy achievement. The country’s IT industry has gained global recognition, and India has become a hub for software services and innovation. This technological prowess has not only boosted the economy but also enhanced India’s global standing.

Furthermore, India has made strides in improving healthcare and education. Initiatives like the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan have expanded healthcare access and increased literacy rates across the country. These efforts have had a positive impact on the overall quality of life for millions of Indians.

In conclusion, India’s development journey after independence is a testament to its resilience, diversity, and commitment to progress. While challenges remain, the nation has achieved significant growth in various sectors, positioning itself as a global economic and technological powerhouse.

Also Check: Independence Day Poster Making Ideas

Development of India After Independence Essay 3: 300 Words

India’s post-independence development has been a story of remarkable progress and transformation. After gaining independence in 1947, India faced numerous challenges, including poverty, illiteracy, and a fragile economy. However, the nation embarked on a journey of development that has witnessed significant milestones.

Economic growth has been a cornerstone of India’s progress. The nation adopted economic reforms in the 1990s, opening up its markets and attracting foreign investments. This led to robust economic expansion, making India one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. The IT and services sector, in particular, flourished, earning India a reputation as a global technology hub.

India’s technological advancements have also been a notable achievement. The country’s IT industry has grown exponentially, with Indian professionals contributing to innovation and software development on a global scale. This technological prowess has not only boosted the economy but has also strengthened India’s position in the global arena.

Improvements in healthcare and education have played a pivotal role in India’s development. Initiatives such as the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan have expanded access to healthcare and education in rural and remote areas. These efforts have resulted in increased literacy rates and improved healthcare outcomes, enhancing the quality of life for millions of Indians.

Additionally, India has made strides in infrastructure development, urbanization, and social inclusion. The nation has launched ambitious projects like “Make in India” and “Digital India,” aiming to boost manufacturing, innovation, and connectivity.

In conclusion, India’s journey of development after independence reflects its resilience, diversity, and commitment to progress. While challenges persist, the nation has made significant strides in various sectors, positioning itself as a global economic and technological powerhouse with a focus on inclusive growth and development.

Development of India After Independence Essay 4: 500 Words

India gained its independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, after a long and arduous struggle. With newfound freedom, the country faced numerous challenges, including poverty, illiteracy, and social inequality. However, over the years, India has made significant strides in its development and has emerged as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. This essay will discuss the development of India after independence in various aspects such as the economy, education, healthcare, agriculture, infrastructure, and technology.

One of the greatest achievements of post-independence India has been its economic growth. The country adopted a mixed economy model, combining elements of socialism and capitalism, and implemented several reforms to promote industrialization and foreign investment. As a result, India’s GDP has increased significantly, and poverty rates have declined.

The establishment of the Green Revolution in the 1960s revolutionized agriculture, making India self-sufficient in food production. Moreover, the liberalization policies of the 1990s opened up the economy to the global market, attracting foreign investments and boosting exports. Today, India is one of the largest economies in the world and continues to experience rapid growth.

Education has also been a priority for post-independence India. The government has implemented various initiatives to increase literacy rates and improve the quality of education. The Right to Education Act, passed in 2009, made education a fundamental right for all children between the ages of six and fourteen.

The expansion of the education system has resulted in a significant increase in literacy rates, which have more than doubled since independence. Moreover, India has established numerous prestigious educational institutions such as the Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management, which are globally recognized for their excellence in education.

Healthcare has also witnessed remarkable progress in post-independence India. The government has implemented several schemes and programs to improve access to healthcare services, particularly for marginalized communities. The introduction of the National Rural Health Mission in 2005 aimed to provide quality healthcare services in rural areas, which have historically lacked adequate medical facilities.

Additionally, the government has launched initiatives such as Ayushman Bharat, a national health protection scheme that provides health insurance to over 500 million people, further widening access to healthcare services. These efforts have resulted in improved healthcare outcomes, including a decline in infant mortality rates and an increase in life expectancy.

The development of agriculture has played a crucial role in India’s progress after independence. The Green Revolution, as mentioned earlier, helped the country achieve self-sufficiency in food production and ensure food security for its population.

The government has continued to implement various policies and schemes to support farmers, such as providing subsidies, promoting organic farming, and investing in irrigation facilities. These measures have led to increased agricultural productivity and income levels, contributing to rural development and poverty reduction.

Infrastructure development has been another focus of post-independence India. The government has invested heavily in the construction of roads, railways, airports, and ports, in both urban and rural areas. This has not only facilitated connectivity and transportation but has also attracted investments and boosted economic growth.

Additionally, initiatives like the Smart Cities Mission and the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana have aimed to improve the quality of life in urban areas by providing better housing, sanitation facilities, and utilities.

Lastly, the rapid advancements in technology have played a crucial role in India’s development after independence. The country has emerged as a global leader in the information technology and software services sector.

The establishment of technology parks and the promotion of entrepreneurship and innovation have fostered a thriving startup ecosystem. This has not only boosted economic growth but has also created employment opportunities for millions of Indians.

In conclusion, India has made significant strides in various aspects of development after gaining independence. The country has witnessed economic growth, increased access to education and healthcare, enhanced agricultural productivity, improved infrastructure, and advancements in technology. While challenges remain, such as poverty, inequality, and environmental issues, the progress made so far indicates a promising future for India’s continued development.

FAQs on Development of India After Independence Essay

How has india developed after gaining independence.

India has made significant progress in economic growth, technological advancement, healthcare, education, and infrastructure development since gaining independence in 1947.

What are the key milestones in India's development journey post-independence?

Key milestones include economic reforms, IT sector growth, improved healthcare and education, and infrastructure development.

How did economic reforms impact India's development after independence?

Economic reforms in the 1990s opened up India's markets, attracting foreign investments and propelling the nation into one of the world's fastest-growing economies.

What role did the IT industry play in India's development?

India's IT industry achieved global recognition, contributing to technological advancements and bolstering the nation's economy.

How has healthcare and education improved in India post-independence?

Initiatives like the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan have expanded access to healthcare and education, leading to increased literacy rates and improved healthcare outcomes.

What are some recent development initiatives in India?

Recent initiatives include Make in India and Digital India, which focus on boosting manufacturing, innovation, and connectivity.

What challenges does India still face in its development journey?

Challenges include poverty alleviation, infrastructure development, environmental sustainability, and addressing social inequalities.

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India’s Independence: Shining Through Successes and Failures

SEEMA Reporter Swarnendu Biswas first wrote this story on for August 15, 2021 on the occasion of India’s Independence Day. But his story is still relevant as the country celebrates Republic Day January 26. Read his story on India’s Republic Day 2022 .

India will celebrate its 75th year of independence on August 15. It was 74 years ago, on the same day in 1947, that India made a transition from colonial subjugation to freedom. It emerged as an independent nation state. Though India is a modern nation, it embodies an ancient and rich 5,000-year-old civilization in its essentially pluralistic socio-cultural fabric.

Over more than seven decades, sometimes the intrinsic values of India’s  ancient civilization have complemented the growth of this modern nation and sometimes impeded it. On occasions, India of today presents the best of ancient and modern, at others it presents the worst of both. In socio-cultural terms India presents a dichotomy of sorts and there are different niche sections of India who live in different centuries (in terms of thinking and values) at the same time.

India’s Independence: Vibrant Democracy

If one looks dispassionately, one can say that almost the continued success of electoral democracy in India for more than seven decades (except for a brief period during the Emergency, between June 25, 1975 and March 21, 1977) is one of the major triumphs of post-independence India, through which it had proved many skeptics utterly wrong, including those who at the time of India’s attaining independence had predicted balkanization, fascism and anarchy for the country.

Those skeptics were not fools. In fact, many of them were remarkably intelligent and sensitive people, and they had enough reason to predict such gloomy and dangerous futures for India, considering the then socio-economic condition of the country.

Indians have managed to prove them wrong, for which not only its electorate but its political powers must also get due credit. Unlike many of its neighbors, India has successfully kept the armed forces out of its democratic process for over seven decades.

Unlike many of its neighbors, India never had fallen prey to a military coup or gone under military rule in these 74 years. Once, briefly, it faced the dark prospect of continued dictatorship, but the public rejected it fiercely in 1977.

Literacy and Income

The huge improvements in India in terms of literacy rate and per capita income since 1947 can be regarded among the biggest achievements of post-independence India. In 1947, literacy rate in India was only 12 percent. It rose to 74.04 percent in 2011 (when the last census was held). Though literacy rate growth  has been sluggish in post-independence India. but still as compared to 1947 it has come a long, long way ahead in terms of literacy rate. But it should be kept in mind that India still has the highest population of illiterate people in the world.

According to the data from the National Statistical Office of the India’s Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, the per capita income in real terms (at 2011-12 prices) during 2020-21 is estimated to be Rs. 85,929 as compared to Rs. 94,566 in 2019-20, giving a growth of -9.1 percent during 2019-20. According to the same source, the per capita income at current prices during 2020-21 is estimated to be Rs. 127,768, a decline of 4.8 percent, as compared to Rs.134,186 during 2019-20.

The reason for the decline in per capita income during 2019-20 to 2020-21 doesn’t need much elaboration, but in 1947, the per capita income of India was a princely Rs.250 per year (yes, you are reading correctly). So there is no denying the fact that India’s per capita income has increased much more than significantly during these seven decades and the standard of living in India of an average Indian is much improved in 2021 as compared to the standard of living in India of an average Indian in 1947.

India’s Independence: Institutions and Industry

Another major achievement of post-independence India was building and developing of some world class institutions of higher education, such as IITs (Indian Institute of Technology), AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences), IIMs (Indian Institute of Management), ISI (Indian Statistical Institute; though ISI was established in 1931 but its glory reached its pinnacle in the 1950s), etc., where quality academic education has been disseminated at nominal cost. This over the years has made such world class institutions economically accessible to a huge section of Indian population. This has helped many underprivileged but brilliant people to get quality education and quickly move to the better side of the economic and social hierarchy and also derive name and fame in overseas.

It is unfortunate that in the recent times, the cost of higher education (even in public colleges and universities) in India has climbed up exponentially, which I am afraid would lead India to wasting many of its quality human resource potential.

Another of the great achievements of independent India is the huge investments in developing basic heavy industries during the mid 50s, which helped to develop the infrastructural backbone of India in the form of huge steel plants and dams, etc. Massive investment in developing heavy industries was the central theme of the Second Five Year Plan of India (1956-61). The plan was based on the Mahalanobis model , which was developed by the eminent Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis .

Green Revolution and Bank Nationalization

The Green Revolution (1966), which gave a huge impetus to India’s agricultural production and made it self-sufficient in terms of food grains through the usage of high yield variety (HYV) seeds , and extensive use of tractors, pesticides and fertilizers; The nationalization of banks (1969), which liberated the banking system of India from the control of corporate families and thus drastically reduced monopoly of capital and helped the economy grow by extending more credit to common people without the right connections, are other landmark achievements of post-independence India.

In fact, one can say nationalization of banks contributed to equitable growth in Indian economy to some extent.

Heralding India’s IT Power

The advent of massive computerization in the mid eighties, amidst stiff, unjustified opposition during the Rajiv Gandhi government, is another of the important positive developments for post-independence India, which eventually catapulted India into a huge IT power to reckon with. By the late nineties. Rajiv Gandhi, the late prime minister of India, can be easily regarded as the harbinger of information technology and telecom revolution in India.

In the recent years, digitization in India has gained further momentum, which has led to spurt in online education in India, which in turn has come as a boon in these COVID-inflicted times.

Right to Information and Livelihood

Right to Information Act, which came into force in 2005, is another of the landmark positive development in independent India. It is easily amongst one of the important legislations of India. This act empowers common citizens of India to make the high and mighty powers of the state accountable to them.

RTI is probably one of the strongest information laws in the world and it has been successful in enhancing transparency and probity in public offices in India, thereby checking post-modern India’s perpetual malaise of corruption in public offices to a large extent.

MGNREGA or Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is another legislation of India that had a deep-rooted impact on welfare. It endeavors to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every Indian household whose adult members voluntarily consent to do unskilled manual work. However, implementing this immensely humane legislation has suffered from several pitfalls.

India’s Independence: Empowerment of Indian Women

Another noteworthy achievement of post-independence India is the vast improvement in the economic and social status of its women. Though women in India still face discrimination and abuse, there is no denying the fact that women of post-independence India have made their mark in almost every profession, ranging from boxing to the armed forces, from scientific research to entrepreneurship. Today Indian women are seen as fighter pilots and also as heading multimillion-dollar business empires.

Before 1947, the identity of Indian women was mostly confined to the four walls of the household. They were very much subjugated by patriarchy. They still are, but are thankfully emerging out of its clutches and carving a brave new world for themselves.

Pitfalls and Failures

Of course, India had its share of failures and lost opportunities too in these 74 years. One of its greatest failures is its pitiable public health infrastructure. Even today the Indian state has not been able to make quality healthcare accessible to most Indians free of cost. Without a solid public health infrastructure, the fancy terminologies of medical tourism and telemedicine make little sense for millions of Indians.

Similarly, free basic education of good quality for all children till Class XII is an elusive dream in India. Successive governments have failed miserably in achieving this essential goal.

Even basic amenities and infrastructure are often beyond the reach of a huge section of Indians, which is another shameful failure of successive governments.

Another big failure of India is its inability to remove criminalization from politics. In fact, it seems that criminalization in politics is on the rise in the country. It is alarming that more than 40 percent of members of parliament in the 2019 Lok Sabha were tainted with criminal records, an increase of 26 percent as compared to the 2014 Lok Sabha. Increasing criminalization of politics is continually lowering the essence of its electoral democracy as envisioned by the founding fathers of its constitution.

The failure to remove the spread of archaic and inhuman forces of casteism and communalism from society and politics is another big collective failure.

Despite these and many other failures and pitfalls, what is remarkable is that this modern nation, like its ancient civilization, is continually progressing without any sign of stopping. Perhaps therein lies the strength of India. It will continue to shine through laughter and tears…

Also check out last year’s piece on celebrating independence virtually

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